Vol. 3 No. 12 (2025): Annual Methodological Archive Research Review

Published: 2025-12-01

Social Sciences

Hybrid Warfare and China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC):How China Helps Pakistan Manage Information Threats

Naqib Ullah Khan, Muhammad Sohail Khan , Waqas Jan Durrani , Mian Muhammad Khan (Author)

1-16
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Exploring The Impact Of AI-Driven Marketing Personalization On Consumer Trust And Brand Loyalty:A Qualitative Study Of Emerging Digital Businesses

Faiza Latif , Wania Salman, Roshani Haider (Author)

17-30
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Land Cover Change In The Nanga Parbat Region Over Time Using Gis And Remote Sensing

Bahar Ahmad, Darbar Gari, Muhammad Saqib , Zafeer Saqib (Author)

31-54
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Reassessing The Transatlantic Partnership: Europe’s Strategic Dilemma In An Evolving Global Order https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17796253

IJAZ AHMAD, Abdul Qadir (Author)

55-79
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Teachers' Awareness About Learning Styles And Its Impact On Students Engagement Of Undergraduate Students

Shazia Safwan, Laiba Larik , Munawar Sultana (Author)

80-96
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Geopolitical Alignments in South Asia: Assessing the India–Israel–Afghanistan Axis and Great Power Influence on Pakistan’s Security https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17919514

Ahmad Waseem (Author)

97-105
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Good Governance for Conflict Resolution in Balochistan

Siraj Bashir Baloch, Sadaat Baloch, Aurangzeb Badini (Author)

106-133
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Assessment of Occupational Carcinogens and Their Contribution to Bladder Cancer Risk Among Industrial Workers

Rubab, Faiza Zubair, Iqra Asif, Hadia Zafar, Muhammad Adnan Shah (Author)

134-143
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A Comparative Analysis of the 26^th & 27^th Constitutional Amendments and its impact on the Federation of Pakistan

Muhammad Tariq, Sajjad Ahmad, Muhammad Ajmal (Author)

144-153
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Parental Perspective on Harassment and Its Negative Influence on Female Education https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17927661

Rimsha Javed, Rimsha Irshad (Author)

154-168
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Translational Shifts in Iqbal’s Poetic Adaptation of English Poetry: A Cognitive Linguistic Study of Selected Poems

Azizullah Khan, Zawar Hussain Hashmi (Author)

169-182
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The Biopsychosocial-Criminogenic Pathways: A Psycho-Forensic Framework Linking Sleep Health Disparities, Mental Health Stigma, and Social Cohesion to Community Peace and Resilience (SDG 3, 10, & 16)

Rafi ul Shan* (Author)

183-227
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Child Labour and the Right to Education: Patterns, Pathways, and Policy Responses

Ali Raza , Muhammad Rashid, Muhammad Sanan Ghias Subhani, Khalil Ahmed (Author)

228-238
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Inclusive Education In India And Related Judicial Trends

Shaista Naznin, Sobia Bashir, Shazia Ibrahim (Author)

239-247
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A Machine Learning–Based Sentiment Analysis Framework for Assessing and Predicting Teacher Performance Using QEC Data

Reehan Yaqoob, Naveed Yousuf , Sofia Parveen, Uswah Farooq, Muhammad Shoaib Jahangir, Ahmad Shahzad, Sajawal Khan (Author)

248-270
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IHL - Reconciliation Of Humanitarian Considerations And Legitimate Military Actions

Rida Zulfiqar, Ahmad Ghauri (Author)

271-284
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Digital Migration: How Internet Access is Reshaping Social Norms and Community Bonds in Rural Pakistan

Muhammad Ilyas, Rumsha Anis, Hizra Jehan Zaib, Arab Ullah (Author)

285-297
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A Strategic Framework for Addressing Modern Procurement Challenges: Disruptions, Digitalization, and ESG Compliance

Muhammad Usman, Ali Raza Elahi (Author)

298-326
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Traditional Games in Ancient Art: A Study of Gandhāra’s Visual Legacy

Haq Nawaz, Muhammad Zahoor, Navid Ahmad (Author)

327-334
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From Policy to Practice: An Analytical Review of Pakistan’s NFC Award and Its Implications for Provincial Development

Maryam Bibi, Syed Majid Khalil, Maimoona Saleem, Azhar Khan (Author)

335-351
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The Tehran Format on Afghanistan and Resolution of Pak-Afghan Stalemate

Dr. Muhammad Tariq, Saddam Sarwar, Qammar Ali (Author)
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Immediate Comparative Effect of Post-Isometric Relaxation and Reciprocal Inhibition Techniques on Hamstring Flexibility in Patients with Hamstring Tightness

Dr Amna Iram*, Areeba Shahid Chuahadry, Urwa Masood , Namrah Aslam (Author)
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How Teachers Experience the Contradictions Between Islamic Identity and Global Citizenship Education: A Phenomenological Study in Elite Schools in Pakistan

Yaar Muhammad, Naima Qureshi, Fareeha Farooq (Author)

352-368
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Smart Contracts and Shariah Compliance: A Legal Paradox?

Amir Rizwan, Sara Qureshi , Muhammad Ahsan Iqbal Hashmi (Author)

369-379
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Self-Compassion and Interpersonal Relationship Quality Among University Students: Mediating Role of Cognitive Distortions

Bibi Muneeba* , Maria Rafique (Author)

380-392
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The 2008 Economic Crisis and its Impacts of BRICS Economies https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18072760

Muhammad Umeed , Mujahid Zaman (Author)

393-404
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Evaluating Banana-Derived Biochar for Enhancing Soil Fertility and Growth Performance of Maize (Zea mays L.) in Calcareous Soils https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18091261

Muhammad Nazim, Syed Akbar Ali, Syed Ahmed Shah, Muhammad Shoaib Ismail, Sidra Islam, Asifa Naz, Kamran Baksh Soomro, Noman Basheer (Author)

405-414
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Effects Of Zinc Oxide Nano-Particles And Farm Manure On Wheat Yield Grown On Salt Affected Soil Conditions https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18091248

Aamir Khan, Romana Arif, Khalil Ahmed, Hafeez Behzad, Ibad Ur Rahman, Ch. Muhammad Rizwan Khurshid, Ch. Muhammad Rizwan Khurshid, Qurban Ali, Kashif Munir, Ghulam Murtaza (Author)

415-433
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Public Energy Subsidies, Energy Transition, and Fiscal Sustainability in Pakistan

Muhamad Yasin Abid, Khurram Shahzad , Asma Altaf (Author)
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Lost in Translation: A Critical Analysis of the Disconnect Between National English Language Policy and Classroom Implementation in Pakistan

Sajjad Ayoob Kanrani, Mishka Babar Abbasi, Muhammad Owais Mughal (Author)

434-445
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A Study of Gender Disparity in Enrolment, Classroom Participation, and Learning Conditions in Higher Education

Muhammad Shoaib, Syed Rahat Ali, Shamraiz Iqbal, Farooq Abdullah (Author)

446-465
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The Nexus Between Motivational Constructs and English Language Attainment: A Study of Pakistani ESL Learners

Ahmad Rameez Ul Huda, Ijaz Asghar (Author)

466-482
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Civil–Military Dynamics and Pakistan’s Afghan Policy under PML-N (2013–2018)

Nasib Amin, Khalil Shah, Muhammad Sajid Iqbal Ahmad, Aqal Wazir (Author)

483-488
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Pedagogical Skills and the Classroom Environment: A Sociological and Empirical Inquiry

Ayesha Iqbal, Muhammad Shoaib , Tabassum Iqbal , Farooq Abdullah (Author)

489-509
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Beyond the Catcalls: Street Harassment as a Predictor of Social Anxiety and Self-Esteem among Working Women in Pakistan https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18149390

Syeda Masooma Naqvi, Fatima Masood Khan, Muhammad Adil Khan (Author)

510-518
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Designing Comfort in Semi-Arid Campuses: A Study of Dual Fountains and Curved Seating at CECOS University Peshawar Outdoor Cafe

Ar. Muhammad Tariq, Ar. Sehrish Ghani, Ar. Dr. Omer Shujat Bhatti*, Ar. Rashid Ali Khan, Ar. Nazia Iftakhar (Author)

519-538
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Impact Of Social Issues On Female Teachers’ Work Performance

Nabila Younis, Syed Ahmad Raza Shah Gillani , Maham Rubab (Author)

539-562
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Negotiating Gendered Spaces in Tertiary Virtual Learning Environments: A Quantitative Study of Inclusivity and Interaction

Muhammad Shoaib, Tanees Waris , Muhammad Adnan Zaman , Farooq Abdullah (Author)

563-581
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Exploring Urban and Rural Differences in Emotional Intelligence Competencies and Teaching Effectiveness among Secondary School Teachers

Nishat Zafar , Mobeen Ul Islam (Author)

563-577
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Relevance of the Rightly Guided Caliphate’s System of Government in Contemporary Society

Dr. Mufti Kifayat Ullah, Dr. Muhammad Shafiq Khalil*, Dr. Waqar Ahmad (Author)

578-590
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Linguistic Analysis of the Discourse, Structure, and Social Impact of the Hashtag #ClimateMarchPK in Digital Activism

Roheela Islam, Bilal Khan, Muhammad Imran (Author)

591-603
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Applied Sciences

Commonly Used Medicinal Plants for Effective Management of Gouty Arthritis

Saira Ashraf, Farooq Bashir Butt, Shahlla Umbreen, Rizwan Rashid Bazmi, Muhammad Ishaque M R, Muhammad Shoaib Sabir, Maham Khan, Fakhra Nazir , Shafqat Rasool, Syed Qaisar Zaheer, Adan Aafreen, Muhammad Akram* (Author)

1-21
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A Study of Maxwell Ternary Hybrid Nanofluid (BN TiO₂–Al₂O₃) with Blood as Carrier for Enhanced Thermal Transport in Biomedical Porous Systems under Magnetic Field and Suction

Faisal Hayat, Dr. Muhammad Ishfaq Khan (Author)

36-55
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Experimental And Molecular Docking Approach To Study The Pesticide-Induced Changes In Growth, Metabolic Function And Health Biomarkers Of Freshwater Fish https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17801238

Effa Azhar, Islam Ashfaq (Author)

56-78
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Synthesis And Biomedical Applications Of Graphene Based Material: A Review

Nasir Khan, Muhammad Ismail, Subhan Ali, Ihsan Ullah (Author)

79-96
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Hybrid Organic–Inorganic Nanostructures for High-Performance Supercapacitor Energy Storage Devices

Aleena Rafique, Sadia Amjad, Warda Hassan, Shamain Anjum (Author)

106-117
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Prostate Cancer: Patterns of Occurrence, Major Risk Factors, and Diagnostic Methods

Iqra Ramzan, Muhammad Saad, Muhammad Yasir, Iqra Nawaz, Arisha Fatima, Farah Laraib (Author)

118-129
Effect of Acid and Base Pre-Treatment on Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Desmostachya bipinnata (Daabh) https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17863413

Shahzad Jamal , Syed Sajid Hassan Naqvi , Syed Ali Imran Bokhari (Author)

130-157
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Physicochemical Evaluation of Gulfam (Cyprinus Carpio), Rohu (Labeo Rohita), and Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) from Local Markets of District Larkana, Sindh, Pakistan

Sanam Abro, Zaibun Nisa Memon, Qalandar Bux Bhatti, Kalsoom Memon, Hafeeza Gul (Author)

158-165
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Principal Component Analysis Of Morphological Traits In Cotton Genotypes Under Heat Stress https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17876924

Kamran Nazir, Abid Hussain, Muhammad Sufyan Khalid, Muqadas Shaikh, Muhammad Ishtiaq, Noor Ul Ain Keerio (Author)

166-173
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Response of Various Grain Sorghum Varieties to Nitrogen Fertilization Under Agro-Ecological Conditions of Dera Ismail Khan

Faheem Ullah Qureshi, Ghazanfar Ullah, Muhammad Jawad Nazir (Author)

174-191
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Exploring Multi-Static Numerical Techniques for IPM Motors: AI-Powered Review

Qurban Ali Shah Syed, Muharam Ali Shah, Muhammad Asif Solangi, Zuhebullah Soomro, Hashim Ali (Author)

236-262
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Bovine Sperm Cryopreservation: A Review https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17920756

Muhammad Faheem Sarwar, Saima Ashraf (Author)

192-222
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A Comprehensive Cybersecurity Framework for UAV Systems: Multi-Vector Threat Analysis and Defense Evaluation https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17897974

Muhammad Sohail Sardar, Arfaa Khanam , Sameer Javed , Uzair Saleem (Author)

223-235
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Comparative Analysis of Macronutrient Availability Across Decades

Anzeela Mumtaz, Love Moudgil, Aaida Shafiq , Komal Rani, Nimra Mubarak, Hamza Shafiq (Author)

236-245
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Laser-Assisted Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles for Ferric Ion Detection

Hira Jalil*, Muhammad Yousaf, Sibgha Shafique, Akhtar Ali, Muhammad Asim Shahzad (Author)

522-539
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Global Patterns of Epidemics and Pandemics: Historical Impacts and Modern Challenges

Shamaila Kausar, Fahad Said khan , Syed Adnan Rahmat, El HadjiSeydou Mbaye, Arsalan Abid, Mohammed Khudhair Hasan, Jawad Zaheer, Ameer Muhammad , Tabish Ali Virk, Tahir Hafeez, Fethi Ahmet Ozdemir , Rimsha Zainab, Muhammad Tayyab Aslam, Muhammad Akram* (Author)

281-296
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Formulation Of An Ointment From Hemp Extracts: Development, Stability, And Preliminary Efficacy

Faiq Aslam, Samiyah Tasleem, A D'Yahcole M Morris, Waqar Ahmad , Arifa Haleem , Soma Khan (Author)

297-308
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Design and Analysis of Hybrid Optical-Wireless Communication Systems for Ultra-High-Speed Networks https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18450240

Muhammad Ehtisham Ali, Emran Bilal, Sadia Amjad (Author)

309-319
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Systematic Review Of Frequency Of Uterine Fibroids And Risk Factors Associated With It In Females Of Reproductive AgeDetected Through Ultrasound

Athar Shams Rana, Syed Muhammad Yousaf Farooq, Maaz Khan (Author)

320-327
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Integration of Fuzzy Logic and Neural Networks in Advanced Control Systems

Fariha Arif, Ali Hassnain Ahmed, Sahil Abbas, Syeda Hina Shah, Shahnaz Muhammad, Ghulam Yasin (Author)

328-343
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Multi Class News Accuracy Assessment VIA LSTM

Muhammad Javed, Muhammad Talha , Abdul Qaddus, Qurat-Ul-Aen Naqvi, Muhammad Shakeel, Sajawal khan, Ahmad Shahzad (Author)

344-357
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Multi-Class Liver Cancer Classification using Multiple Deep learning Neural Networks

Dawood Ahmed , Zainab Fatima, Arooba Sultan Tiwana, Fareeha Batool, Anam Safdar Awan , M. Shahid Mehmood (Author)

358-381
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Nanomaterials and Their Surface Chemistry: Manipulating Catalytic Efficiency through Quantum Dots

Warda Hassan, Sabahat Asghar, Nazakat Ali (Author)

382-400
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Green Synthesis and Environmental Degradation Pathways of Functional Nanoparticles: Toward Sustainable Nanotechnology Applications

Warda Hassan, Waqas Arif , Muhammad Irshad Khan (Author)

401-413
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Patch-Level Multiple Instance Learning 3D CNN Architecture for Coronary Artery Disease Classification https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18051463

Hina Zafar, Majid Hussain, Abdul Rauf (Author)

414-427
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Physicochemical Characterization Of Cobalt Carbonate Nanoparticles And Their Dose Dependent Effects On Gut Microbiota In Mice

Iqra Ramzan, Umar Farooq, Ali Umar, Mubashar Abbas, Muhammad Shoaib Sharif, Muhammad Saleem Khan, Muhammad Wajid (Author)

428-440
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Comparative Analysis Of Pharmacological And Non-Pharmacological Treatments For Post-Dural Puncture Headache In Parturient At Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar

Muhammad Anis, Nizamullah, Asad Ullah, Ilham Shireen, Fawad Hasan, Syed Yousaf Ali Shah (Author)

441-456
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Bionanotechnology: Nanoparticle Types, Microbial Synthesis, Properties, and Applications in Medicine, Agriculture, Industry

Muhammad Mudassar, Manahil Syed, Dr. Abdul Malik, Mudassar Khan, Mohammed Khudhair Hasan, Shamaila Kausar , Rimsha Zainab, Akif Saeed Ch, Rabia Anum, Nimra Shahid, Mustansar Abbas , Taufiq Ahmad, Fethi Ahmet Ozdemir , Ameer Muhammad , Khuram Shahzad, Saira Ashraf, Farhan Asad, Jannat Sultan, Muhammad Akram* (Author)

441-452
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Integrated Termite Management: Advances, Challenges, and Future Perspectives

Muhammad Shavaiz Baloch, Muhammad Ahmad Alizai (Author)

457-468
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Chemistry of Nitrate Contamination: A Multivariate Assessment of Drinking‑Water Quality across Major Cities of Pakistan

Love Moudgil, Aaida Shafiq , Komal Rani , Anzeela Mumtaz , Nimra Mubarak , Hamza Shafiq (Author)

469-480
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Prevalence and Transmission Dynamics of Zoonotic Diseases Among Livestock Farmers A Case Study from Rural Pakistan https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18843280

Ayesha Anjum, Sadia Amjad, Muhammad Adil (Author)

481-492
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Advanced Civil Infrastructure Strategies for Urban Heat Mitigation: Multiscale Evaluation of Pavement Thermal Behaviour, Structural Shading Geometry, and Landscape Cooling Dynamics in Zabeel Park, Dubai

Omar J. Alkhatib (Author)

493-521
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Innovations in Date Fruit Processing and Pre-Harvest Marketing: A Review of Drying Technologies, Packaging, and Contract-Based Market Mechanisms

Muhammad Huzaifa, Naveed Ahmad Khan, Tooba Gull, Muhammad Abbas Dilawar, Muhammad Abdullah (Author)

540-552
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Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Activity of sulfamethoxazole-Based Metal Complexes: Antibacterial and Antifungal Evaluation https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18155206

Usman Ibrahim, Slahuddin, Ghulam Dastgir, Areeba Saeed, Noor Muhammad (Author)

553-573
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MEDICINAL IMPORTANCE OF HETEROCYCLIC ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

Sana Mursalin*, Zarina Naz, Akhtar Ali (Author)

574-589
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Assessment of Nutritional Status in Relation to the Lifestyle of University Students

Nourin Naveed, Asma Afreen, Syeda Komal Majid, Tooba Mehfooz, Shomaiza Andleeb, Shazia Dawood (Author)

590-617
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Green Synthesis and Characterization of Copper Nanoparticles Using Cinnamon Bark Extract for Antimicrobial Applications

Muhammad Suleman, Krishna Sapkota, Muhammad Faizan Habib, Tabeel Tariq Bashir, Arifa Haleem , Waqar Ahmad (Author)

618-631
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Overview of Tuberculosis Covering Pathogenesis, Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, Treatment Strategies, and Global Impact

Ejaz Rafique , Usama , Shamaila Kausar , Shahzaib Ramzan , Muhammad Mudassar , Jalil ur Rehman , Iram Qadeer , Dr. Abdul Malik , Manahil Syed , Mohammed Khudhair Hasan , Fethi Ahmet Ozdemir , Ameer Muhammad , Muhammad Akram* (Author)

632-645
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Nanotechnology at the Molecular Frontier: Transformative Applications, Therapeutic Innovations, and Future Directions in Molecular Biology and Biomedical Engineering

Rashid Ali, Maria Babar, Maimoona Atique, Maria Qammar, Muqaddas, Noor Jahan Kabir Bhuiyan (Author)

646-660
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Role of medicinal plants in sustainable Healthcare: Phytochemical Screening and Applications

Imran Ali Bhurt, Sadia Talpur, Zubaida Punar, Mahtab Ahmed Koondhar , Poorab Almas (Author)

661-668
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Hydroponic Evaluation and Principal Component Analysis of Early Vigor Traits in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L) Genotypes

Muhammad Zeeshan Mola Bakhsh, Tehseen Ali Jilani, Salman Ilyas, Muhammad Ibrahim Bin Kaleem, Noor Ul Ain, Umer Hayat, Maria Abdullah Butt, Muhammad Ishtiaq (Author)

669-677
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In-Vitro Antimicrobial And Antioxidant Potential Of Bacillus Thuringiensis Isolated From Soil

Razi Hussain , Muhammad Sajjad Haider, Tariq Nadeem, Sajid Mahmood Sajid, Faisal Rasool, Abdul Aziz, Muhammad Ashraf, Zohaib Saeed, Muhammad Rizwan, Rustam Ali Balouch, Muhammad Khurram (Author)

678-689
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Eco-Friendly Synthesis and Characterization of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) Nanoparticles using Carya Illinoinensis Extract

Fasihuddin, Hassan Saleemi, Ishtiaq Hussain, Sundas Asghar, Rida Zameer, Masab Saeed (Author)

690-704
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Exploring Genetic Variability Of Kabuli Chickpea (Cicer Arietinum l.) Elite Lines Based On Yield Contributing Traits https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18091244

Salman Azhar, Salim Rasheed, Hamza Asif, Syeda Sana Aamir, Muhammad Abdullah Khalid, Muhammad Suleman, Muhammad Nazim, Khatir Ali, Sana Ullah, Shay Chirag , Noman Basheer (Author)

705-728
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Development And Characterization Of Wheat-Soy Blended Cookies By Incorporating Prickly Water Lily Powder

Muhammad Naeem , Seerat Saleem, Areeba Javed, Maria Zahid, Liaqat Ali , Tooba Khan, Muhammad Taha, Nida Shahzadi, Musaffa Shahzadi (Author)

705-717
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Nitrogen Management and Genotypic Response of Cotton: Impacts on Productivity, Fiber Traits, and Economic Efficiency

Aamir Roheen, Ghazanfar Ullah , Niamat Ullah (Author)

718-731
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Prevalence, Incidence, Risk Factors, and Awareness Of Dengue Fever Among Patients in Karachi

Yousaf Khan, Muhammad Yasin, Sana Ullah, BiBi Samina (Author)

732-747
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Bio-Based Polymer Membranes Recyclable via Dynamic Crosslinking for Sustainable Water Purification https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18096668

Ayesha Shakoor (Author)

748-756
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Exploring the Genetic Basis of Disease Resistance in Indigenous Crop Varieties: A Biotechnological Approach

Ijaz Ul Haq, Sadia Amjad (Author)

757-769
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Prevalence and Sociodemographic Correlates of Helicobacter pylori Infection in Tehsil Mandanr, District Buner, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Waqas Ahmad Shams, Muhammad Ibrahim, Hameed Ullah, Majid Ullah (Author)

770-775
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Identification of Meat Contamination using Deep Learning

Zainab Javaid, Yousra Saeed*, Maria Hassan , Aqib Bilal Khan (Author)

469-493
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Vehicles condition and Drivers’ Perception of Road Accidents: Evidence from District Dir Lower, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Jawad Ullah, Hamad Khan , Ahsan Tahir Khawaja , Muhammad Waqas (Author)

776-786
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Generation Nanocomposite Membranes for Sustainable Wastewater Reclamation: A Fusion of Functionality and Efficiency

Warda Hassan, Muhammad Khan, Maymoona Sadaf (Author)

787-795
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Skill, Mental Toughness, Motivation, and Stress Management Driving Sustainable Peak Athletic Performance

Muhammad Amir , Khalid Liaqat , Muhammad Nouman Burki , Muhammad Umer , Laiba shaiq , Muhammad Mudassar , Muhammad Faheem , Muhammad Tehseen Shahid , Isha Ajmal , Malik Muhammad Atif Rizwan , Malik Muhammad Sheraz , Muhammad Zaid Munir , Muhammad Arsalan , Muhammad Akram (Author)

449-463
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Medicinal Plants Modulating Thyroid Hormone Regulation and Therapeutic Management of Thyroid Disorders

Muhammad Yousaf Quddoos , Muhammad Abubakar Saeed, Muhammad Hamza Saeed , Muhammad Umar Farooq , SaifUllah Aziz , Amjad Hussain , Muhammad Mudassar , Muhammad Faheem, Muhammad Tehseen Shahid, .Isha Ajmal , Malik Muhammad Atif Rizwan , Malik Muhammad Sheraz , Muhammad Zaid Munir , Muhammad Arsalan , Nasreen Afzal , Ghulam Abbas (Author)

464-486
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From Asylum To Healing Environments:A Comparative Study Of Mental Health Architecture With National And International Case Studies

Ar. Muhammad Waleed Mujtaba, Ar. Shayan Zulfiqar, Ar. Reena Majid Memon, Ar. Dr. Omer Shujat Bhatti (Author)

539-558
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Pelvic Floor Dysfunction Among Spontaneous Vaginal Delivery And C-Section In Multigravida https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18599294

Shaban Ali, Kiran Iqbal, Rubab Asif, Ameena Amjad, Maryam Khalid, Raveena Rajput (Author)

811-823
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Synthesis and Characterization of ZnO Nanoparticles via Co-Precipitation Method

Muhammad Abdul Salam, Waqar Ahmad , Maymoona Sadaf, Sakina, Burhan Ishaque (Author)

824-834
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Optimizing Irrigation Requirement to Enhance Grain Yield of Wheat

Azka Shahid, Muhammad Hamid Rafiq, Aamer Sajjad, Mazher Farid Iqbal, Shahid Nazeer Awan, Muhammad Tariq, Ishtiaq Hassan (Author)

848-865
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Design and Fabrication of High-Speed Gas Gun for Impact Testing

Hamza Ali Malik, Muhammad Ubaid Khalid , Muhammad Ahmad, Muhammad Subyyal (Author)

866-891
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Computer Science

An Intelligent AI-Driven Semantic Fusion Framework for Adaptive and Personalized Learning in Next-Generation Smart E-Learning Systems

Qurat-ul-ain, Omar J. Alkhatib , Muhammad Latif, Alamgir Safi, Shumaila Qamar (Author)

1-33
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The Impact of Cloud Computing on Financial Data Security and Compliance in Financial Institutions

Dr. Naeem Ahmed, Dr. A.A. Shaikh (Author)
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AI and Image Processing Applications for Wildlife Surveillance and Habitat Mapping in Thar Desert

Ahmad Nawaz Shah, Sumayya Bibi, Waqar Ul Hassan , Nazia Azim, Hashim Ali (Author)

59-80
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Reproducible Machine Learning QSAR Pipeline for JAK2 Inhibitors with Structural Docking Validation

Waqas Ahmad, Hashim Ali, Aftab Ahmed, Sher Afghan , Umer Tanveer, Shaista Bibi (Author)
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A Gaussian Mixture Model–Driven Hybrid Resampling Technique for Imbalanced Data Classification

Tahmina Asghar, Ahmed Shahzad, Qurat Ul Aen Naqvi , Ikraam Asghar, Hamza Saleem, Mudassir Riaz, Sajawal Khan (Author)

105-120
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SANAS-DRC: Self-Adaptive Neural Architecture Search for Dynamic Requirements Classification using Quantum-Inspired Meta-Learning

Hashim Ali, Asif Rahim, Aftab Ahmed, Umer Tanveer (Author)

121-137
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Unmasking Hate: Deep Learning-Based Detection of Violent Incitement in Social Media

Shama Fatima, Zulfiqar Ali, Iftikhar Alam, Said Muhammad, Ghazi Jan (Author)

138-160
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AI in Modern Marketing Practice: A Critical Examination of Applications and Emerging Trends

Muhammad Usman, Akmal Younas, Saima Hassan (Author)

161-173
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Predicting COVID-19 Patient Outcomes: A Comparative Analysis of the Gradient Boosted Random Forest Classifier

Shams Ul Arifeen, Didar Hussain, Abdullah Sadiq, Naseer Ahmad, Mian Farhan Shah, Khadija Mushtaq, Madassir Ahmad Khan , Mahmood Alam (Author)

174-194
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An Optimized Deep Transfer Learning Framework for Robust Human Action Recognition in Challenging Environments

Muhammad Adnan Javed, Ayesha Riaz, Muhammad Abdullah, Muhammad Abdul Moeez Bashir, Irfan Haider, Hanzala Rehman (Author)

195-216
- PDF
Explainable Deep Learning Framework for Early Autism Detection Using Behavioral Data

Mehak Naz Qureshi, Nasir Umer, Naeem Aslam, Muhammad Abdullah Sajid (Author)

217-230
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An Intelligent Deep Learning Network based on Internet of Things (IoTs): An Enhanced Approach for Network Threat Mitigations, Techniques, Issues and Opportunities https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18060491

Majid Ali, Samiullah Aftab, Fasiha Ikram, Ammar Ahmad, Muhammad Saad Hamayoun, Farhan Zohaib, Ali Hassan, Ukasha Ejaz, Hamayun Khan (Author)

231-266
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Scaling Down Code: Balancing Data Volume and Intelligence in Code Generation Models https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18091368

Zainab Ishtiaq, Muhammad Waseem, Muhammad Kamran, Muhammad Usman Ghani Khan (Author)

267-282
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Reinforcement Learning in Real-World Applications Solving Complex Problems Through Interaction and Feedback https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18062612

Sana Mariyam Usman (Author)

283-292
- PDF
Artificial Intelligence as a Catalyst for Educational Reform in Economics: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach to Understanding Student Adoption Behavior, Engagement Mechanisms, and Perceived Learning Gains. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18174174

Omar J. Alkhatib, Nadeem Ahmad Malik , Muhammad Zubair, Alamgir Safi, Arsalan Jafar, Ajab Khan (Author)

293-323
- PDF
Next-Generation AI-Driven Early Detection of Gastric Ulcers Using High-Resolution Imaging, Deep Learning, and Multi-Scale Radiomic Feature Analysis https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18417526

Rehan Sarwar, Muhammad Suleman, Mohib Hameed, Alamgir Safi, Summaiya Malik Zaman, Muhammad Mujahid Rizwan, Ajab Khan (Author)

324-351
- PDF
A High-Capacity Steganographic Method Using Hamming Distance

Aqib Bilal Khan, Yousra Saeed, Saud Rahman, Zainab Javaid, Maria Hassan , Murtaza Khan (Author)

352-382
- pdf
A Review of Software Defect Prediction Models using Machine Learning

Ahmad Yaseen*, Dr. Nadeem Ahmad Malik (Author)

384-300
- Pdf
Optimizing Chick Production: Predictive Modeling under Controlled Environmental Conditions using ML and IoT

Muhammad Tauha Sultan, Naila Kiran, Ashfaq Ahmad*, Saba Sultan, Anaib Sultan, Muhammad Waqas (Author)

401-434
- Pdf
Natural Language Processing with AI: Progress, Models, and Emerging Directions

Syeda Hina Shah, Atif Rehman, Kamal Khan, Summayya Shabbir Baloch, Shahnaz Muhammad, Ghulam Yasin (Author)

435-448
- PDF
Multimodal Transformer with Attention for High-Frequency Bitcoin Price Forecasting: Integrating Market, Sentiment, and Macroeconomic Signals https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18174404

Muhammad Ghazanfar Ullah Khan, Khaliq Ahmed, Syed Sheraz Ul Hasan Mohani, Maheen Danish, Simra Nasir, Abdul Khaliq (Author)

449-464
- PDF
Robotic Process Automation and Blockchain in Banking: Driving Operational Efficiency and Secure Transactions https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18173599

Muhammad Adeel Mannan, Syeda Bushra Shabeeh, Arif Kamal, Rabia Ali Khan, Waleed Rahim (Author)

465-478
- PDF
Deep learning for Context-Aware Recommender Systems: A Systematic Literature Review

Binish Raza, Muhammad Ahsan Raza , Fahad Qaswar (Author)

479-500
- PDF
An Enhanced Approach for Improvement in Software Reusability in Healthcare

Hamza Arif, Muhammad Fawad Nasim, Abdul Rehman, Malik Muhammad AFAQ Haidari, Saleem Zubair (Author)

501-515
- Pdf

Management Sciences

Building Control in Digital Finance: How Self-Efficacy and Mobile Banking Quality Shape Responsible Financial Behavior under Privacy Concerns https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17832044

Muhammad Ahmad, Ibrar Khan, Ramaisa Aqdas, Saeed Abbas Shah (Author)

1-17
- Pdf
The Nexus Between Cryptocurrency Returns Predictability And The Role Of The Environment: Analysis From European Countries

Ahmad Zeb, Dasrat Rai Meghwar, Syed Noman Mustafa (Author)

18-31
- PDF
Building Green Structural Capital in Pakistani Textile Made -Up for Environmental Performance with the Mediating Role of Green Value Co Creation

Zeeshan Haneef, Dr. Muhammad Salman Azhar, Saif Ur Rehman, Muhammad Awais (Author)

32-51
- pdf
INSTITUTIONAL WEAKNESS AND MULTINATIONAL ENTERPRISE RESPONSES: COMPARING STRUCTURAL CONFIGURATION, STRATEGIC TRAJECTORIES, AND SUSTAINABLE PRACTICE ADOPTION ACROSS CHINA–PAKISTAN AND JAPAN–SOUTH AFRICA THROUGH CULTURAL DIMENSIONS

Dr. Muhammad Ali, Dr. Syed Arif Hussain Shah, Dr. Sheraz Ahmed , Syed Touseef Ahmed, Mr. Awais Khan (Author)

70-92
- Pdf
THE ROLE OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE IN DETERMINING JOB PERFORMANCE IN SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS

Dr. Muhammad Tufail, Dr. M. Atiq Rafique Khattak, Ali Usman (Author)

93-116
- pdf
Bridging Evidence Gaps in Sustainable Development Goals Research: A Comprehensive Review and Forward Agenda

Abdul Samad Dahri, Muhammad Asif , Muhammad Asif Shamim (Author)

134-178
- Pdf
ESG, Credit Risk, and Bank Stability: Implications for Financial Performance in GCC Banking Systems

Muhammad Naveed Ul Hassan* , Dr. Owais Shafique (Author)

179-212
- Pdf
Cloud-Based Management Solutions for Circular Economy: Transforming Supply Chain and Logistics in Pakistan

M. Talha Kareem, Noman Qadir, Asmatullah Chaudhary (Author)

213-233
- Pdf
Impact Of Hydrocarbon Fuels On The Economic Growth

Muhammad Bilal, Waqas Khan , Ali Raza Elahi , Ali Fayyaz Munir (Author)

234-248
- PDF
Digital Transformation And Sustainable Banking: Enhancing Green Finance And Fintech Adoption In Pakistan's Online Banking Sector

Samreen Riaz, Aasma Riaz, Aasma Riaz, Muhammad Abdullah, Sadia Ahmad (Author)

249-273
- PDF

Education

Hands-On Learning and Its Influence on Student Engagement and Mental Health in Higher Education https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17781347

Muhammad Fahad Aslam Cheema (Author)

1-4
- Pdf
Practices of Assessment of Behavioural Outcomes in Children with ASD in Lahore

Ms. Bushra Nayaab, Kashaf Tahir, Arooj Fatima (Author)

5-37
- Pdf
Effects Of Online Classes On The Academic Performance Of Undergraduate Students

Shamaiela Farooqi, Aiman Naveed, Monim Rasool, Hina Tariq , Ammara Naveed (Author)

38-54
- Pdf

English

The Search for Redemption: A Jeremiadic Analysis of Once in a Promised Land

Jawad Khan, Imran Ali*, Qaisar Khan (Author)

1-19
- Pdf
THE DISCOURSE OF RACISM AND XENOPHOBIA; A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS

Savera Younas, Rida Bibi, Anzalna Iqbal (Author)

36-54
- pdf
Between Intellect And Emotion: A Freudian Analysis Of Repression And Rationalization In Oscar Wilde's The Nightingale And The Rose

Asmat Ullah, Suhail Ahmed Solangi, Sajjad Ahmed (Author)

55-64
- Pdf
Exploring The Perceived Socio-Cultural Factors Affecting the Attitude of ESL Learners Toward Language at Intermediate Level in District Kohat

Adil Khan, Syed Sabih Ul Hassan, Nasim Gul (Author)

55-70
- PDF

Law

A Doctrinal Critique of Article 9-A of the Constitution and Its Role in Advancing Environmental Justice in Pakistan

Naveed Hussain, Dr. Bushra B.B., Dr. Sadaqut Ali (Author)

1-8
- PDF
Right to Fair Trial under Article 10-A of the Constitution ofPakistan: Judicial Interpretation and Implementation Gaps

Muhammad Imran, Rao Qasim Idrees, Naveed Hussain (Author)

9-20
- PDF
Police Reforms in Pakistan: Legal Framework, Implementation Failures, and the Way Forward

Rao Qasim Idrees, Naveed Hussain, Yasir Arfat (Author)

21-32
- PDF

Agriculture

Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) Mediated Structural Integrity: Mitigating the Salinity Stress in Garland Chrysanthemum (Glebionis coronaria)

Muhammad Akram, Humna Kiran, Tahreem Fakhar, Arslan Asghar, Maqbool Ahmed, Sadia Sarwar, Muhammad Altaf Nazir, Masab Saeed (Author)
- pdf
Phenotypic Evaluation of Sunflower (Helianthus Annuus L.) Landraces as a Tool for Conservation and Valorization of Plant Genetic Resources

Muhammad Mehraj Riasat*, Shoaib Khan, Ubaid Ullah, Atika Liaqat, Muhammad Awais Jamil, Naeem Malik, Muhammad Hadi, Saqib Waqar Ahmed (Author)

30-50
- pdf
Phytochemical Screening of Selected Cholistani Plants and Their Biological Activities by In-Vitro Assays

Zara Fatima, Syeda Sadaf Zehra, Sadia Sarwar, Iqra Latif, Zamurd Fatima, Asma Javaid (Author)

51-69
- pdf

Media & Communication

Discourse of Economy and Inflation: An Investigation into Pakistani English Print Media Articles

Muhammad Zohaib Zulfiqar, Muhammad Akbar Sajid , Zafar Hussain (Author)

1-10
- Pdf
Challenging The Gender Stereotypes Through Disney Animated Movies: A Multimodal Analysis-Based Study

Quratulain, Rabia Mohsin , Zafar Hussain (Author)

11-20
- Pdf

Mathematics

A Pythagorean Fuzzy Set–Based Approach for Identifying the Best City for Living in Pakistan

Naveed Hassan, Sadaqat Hussain , Munwwar Hussain, Qaisar Abbas Mazahir (Author)

1-11
- Pdf
Operator Algebras and Quantum Dynamics: Semigroup Methods in Infinite Dimensions

Anam Ghafoor, Ume Roman, Sawaiba Yousaf (Author)

12-21
- PDF
Numerical Simulations to Investigate The Lift And Drag vs Angle of Attack for NACA 4412 Airfoil

Muhammad Zahid, Sajad Hussain, Muhammad Rashid Iqbal (Author)

22-36
- PDF
Significant Behavior Of Generalized Fractional Operators With Bessel K-Function And Their Consequences

Muhammad Haseeb, Esha Maria Hameed, Rana Safdar Ali, Tasadduq Niaz (Author)

37-48
- Pdf

Archaeology

Human-Induced Landform Evolution in South and West Asia Since the Neolithic: A Geoarchaeological Synthesis

Navid Ahmad, Dr. Shakir Ullah, Sumbal Imtiaz (Author)

1-7
- Pdf
Beyond Beauty: The Interaction of Public Behavior and the Sustainability of Swat Valley's Artisanal Legacy

Mehir Rahman, Dr. Abdul Hameed (Author)

08-28
- Pdf