Antimicrobial And Antibiofilm Activities Of Ethnomedicinal Plants Of Southern Kp

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19056692

Abstract

The research study was based on analysis of an antibiotic effect (Antibacterial and antibiofilm activities) of traditional medicinal plants against available strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The selected plant species (Calotropis procera, Fogonia indica and Moringa oleifera) are native to Pahar pur, a small tehsil of Dera Ismail Khan, Southern KP. With increasing global warming and subsequent climatic conditions, the microbial resistance against antibiotics had increased manifolds. The utilization of medicinal plants to treat illness is a communal practice in local communities. The leaves were treated with methanol as organic solvent to prepare leaf extracts. The antibacterial activity of the leaf extracts was assessed by the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) against Staphylococcus strain while antibiofilm activity was analyzed against Pseudomonas strain. The results of three medicinal plants developed a comparative evaluation of ethnomedicinal plants against resistant bacterial strains. The maximum value of the Zone of Inhibition was recorded for Fagonia indica i.e. 3 mm followed by Moringa oleifera (2 mm) and Calotropis procera (1 mm). In contrary, the leaf extracts exhibited parallel values for MIC (1.25 mg/ml) and MBC (>1.25 mg/ml) against Staphylococcus aureus strain. In case of antibiofilm activity, the S. aureus strains exhibited strong tolerance against the methanolic-leaf extracts, therefore, the Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain was tested for antibiofilm activity. Fagonia indica had shown maximum antibiofilm potential i.e. 43.3 % followed by Moringa oleifera (40.6 %) and Calotropis procera (29.4 %). This study indicated that the leaf extracts of the selected ethnomedicial plants possess antimicrobial activity along with antibiofilm potential against the selected bacteria. Thus, the leaf extracts of F. indica, M. oleifera and C. procera are proved efficient in treating the ailments caused by these bacteria.