Biogenic Synthesis of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles (CeONPs) Using Ocimum basilicum leaves (Basil) and its Photocatalytic Applications

Abstract

Nanotechnology is most recent, and emerging science based upon physical and chemical methods and green synthesis. The formal methods of makings nanoparticles (NPs) are costly, toxic, and not environmentally friendly, so the need of time is to adopt non-convectional approach for the synthesis of NPs. The alternate and most comprehensive approach is “Green Synthesis” due to its superiority on conventional. Green synthesis involves the use of green materials such as, plant extracts, microorganism etc. to synthesis nanoparticles. This technique avoids usage of hazardous reagents, solvents, and harmful technologies; therefore, it is environment friendly and even economically beneficial. It even eliminates the costs associated with purification stages. Green synthesis is generally performed in aqueous medium, due to its biocompatibility and other advantageous features. Thus, green synthesis is most eco- friendly, non-toxic, and economic synthesis of nanoparticles. In this study, cerium nanoparticles (CeONPs) were prepared by using leaves extract of Ocimum basilicum and its photocatalytic activities were determined. Moreover, NPs were characterized by different analytical techniques like Infrared Spectrometry (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Characterization of the NPs revealed that FTIR spectrum transmission peak at 3690 cm^-1 corresponding to the stretching mode of O-H bonds, indicating the presence of alcohol functional groups. A peak at 2250 cm^-1 indicated weak bonding of CΞN, characteristic of nitrile compounds. SEM characterization demonstrated wide pore spaces on the surface of the CeONPs, making them promising for the remediation of Synozol dyes. EDX analysis confirmed the presence of carbon (C), oxygen (O), and cerium (Ce) in the CeONPs, further confirming their successful synthesis. The X-ray diffraction pattern indicated specific miller indices associated with the crystal structure of CeONPs. The spectrum analysis indicated that the highest absorbance occurred at a wavelength of 225 nm, while the lowest absorption peaks were observed at 430 nm. A minor shift in the peaks was observed at 430 nm. It was evident that the absorption at both wavelengths was reduced compared to the control and light conditions. It is suggested that the prepared CeONPs can be used for photocatalytic degradation/ remediation of dyes.