Phenotypic And Genotypic Evaluation Of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus From Hospital Environment

Abstract

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) poses a significant public health threat in healthcare settings globally. This research aimed to conduct a thorough examination of the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of MRSA isolated from hospital environments. The study encompassed a comprehensive analysis of 50 samples collected from various hospitals in Peshawar. Using both phenotypic and genotypic methods, MRSA strains were identified, constituting 8% of the sampled isolates. Notably, the study correlated its findings with a previous investigation, highlighting variations in MRSA prevalence attributable to sample types and hygiene conditions within Peshawar hospitals. The results underscored the persistence of MRSA strains in hospital settings, emphasizing heightened virulence and a continuous trend of antibiotic resistance. Further analyses delved into the antibiotic resistance patterns of the isolated MRSA strains, revealing comprehensive resistance to multiple antibiotics, including oxacillin, vancomycin, linezolid, ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, chloramphenicol, and clindamycin. This multidrug-resistant profile posed significant challenges for infection control practices and necessitated a re-evaluation of antibiotic usage in healthcare environments. In addition to the phenotypic assessment, a genotypic evaluation was conducted to identify specific mecA gene contributing to methicillin resistance. The research findings hold implications for public health, urging the development of targeted interventions, policy recommendations, and collaborative efforts with clinical teams and infection control departments. This study contributes valuable insights into the complex interplay of phenotypic and genotypic features of MRSA, guiding future strategies for infection prevention and control.