Harnessing Bacteriophage Therapy to Combat Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens A Genomic and Functional Insight

Abstract

Background: Due to the escalated cases of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections globally, most of the traditional treatments using antibiotics have lost their effectiveness and new methods of treatment have to be used. The bacteriophage therapy, due to specificity and evolution-related qualities, is once again finding itself as a potential alternative to attack MDR pathogens.

Aim: This research will analyze the genomic integrity and functional activity of bacteriophages to combat clinically relevant MDR bacteria in terms of therapeutic potential, host specificity, biofilm degradation and in vivo effects.

Method: The environmental sources used to isolate lytic bacteriophages were screened against the MDR strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae, acinetobacter baumannii and Escherichia coli. Whole-genome sequencing confirmed that there were no lysogeny, resistance, or virulence genes. Functional tests were host range, biofilm disruption and phage-antibiotic synergy. Pulmonary and cutaneous murine models of wound and pulmonary infections challenged in vivo.

Results:  Pêtal vulva Monitors Saint Johnamp tonus All the chosen phages had clean genomes and robust lytic profiles. Single-step example based on host range assays demonstrated a significant coverage of clinical isolates with an EOP of high efficiency in the plating. Phages also reduced bacterial biofilms (>70% reduction) and had synergistic effects with colistin, meropenem and gentamicin (FICI 0.5). In vivo experiments indicated improved survival, lower bacterial loads and decreased inflammation, notably in combination with antibiotics.

Conclusion:  Genomic and functional data have borne out the reality that bacteriophages are good, effective, and most adjustable tools against MDR pathogenic. They are also stationed with antibiotics, thus adding increments to the efficacy, and therefore are potential future clinical antimicrobial agents.