Analytical Evaluation of Fat-Soluble Vitamins (A and D3) in Multivitamin Supplements Using FT-IR and HPLC Techniques

Abstract

This study employed Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and High Performance Liquid Chromatography to evaluate fat soluble vitamins A and D3 in ten commercially available multivitamin formulations collected from Hyderabad City, Pakistan. FTIR analysis successfully identified characteristic functional groups across all samples, including hydroxyl stretching vibrations at 3400 to 3500 cm⁻¹, carbonyl stretching at 1600 to 1750 cm⁻¹, aromatic ring vibrations, and aliphatic carbon hydrogen stretching modes consistent with the molecular structures of vitamins A and D3. Metal oxygen stretching bands confirmed the coexistence of organic and inorganic constituents. HPLC analysis with diode array detection enabled positive identification and quantification of vitamin D3 in Osnate-D and Cecon tablets at 265 nm, and vitamin A in Cecon and Mediton formulations at 325 nm. Measured concentrations aligned with pharmaceutical quality standards. The integration of spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques provides a comprehensive analytical framework for verifying vitamin identity, potency, and formulation quality in multivitamin supplements.