Systematic Review Of Frequency Of Uterine Fibroids And Risk Factors Associated With It In Females Of Reproductive AgeDetected Through Ultrasound

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Uterine fibroids are the most common non-cancerous tumors in the reproductive system of females, mainly affecting women of reproductive age. These fibroids are also called leiomyoma’s, Even though they are widely spread, the fibroid occurrence and its related risk factors are different significantly across multiple groups. Ultrasound is widely available, non- invasive, easy, non-corrosive and accessible imaging method for identifying and assessing uterine fibroids.

OBJECTIVE: This systematic review aims to estimate the frequency of uterine fibroids and identify the risk factors associated with it, in women of reproductive age, through ultrasound imaging.

METHODS: A thorough search was carried out in electronic databases, including google scholar and PubMed for studies published up to year 2022. The inclusion criteria consisted of observational studies that reported the prevalence of uterine fibroids and related risk factors in women aged 15 to 49, using ultrasound as the diagnostic method.

RESULTS: Initial findings show a wide range in fibroid prevalence, from 10% to over 60%, significantly influenced by age, ethnicity, and study location. Risk factors frequently linked to higher fibroid prevalence include increasing age, family history, nulliparity, obesity, and high exposure to estrogen. The variation in prevalence highlights the need for standardized ultrasound criteria and tailored risk profiles for different populations.

CONCLUSION: Uterine fibroids are very common among women of reproductive age, with several modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. Ultrasound continues to be an important tool for early detection. Raising awareness and improving screening processes are critical, especially for high-risk groups, to reduce potential reproductive and health issues.