Global Fungal Infection Burden and Potential of Traditional Herbal Remedies

Abstract

From superficial mycoses to complex and life-threatening systemic diseases, the spectrum of fungal infections continues to constitute critical and undeterred public health challenges. With the stark lack of available therapeutic options coupled with the costs of treatment, the rising antifungal resistance is becoming more alarming. Once such options become no longer viable, we will need to consider other approaches. Bioactive phytochemicals present in numerous traditional herbal remedies and medicines, such as alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and essential oils, have shown to have antifungal, immuno-modulatory as well as synergistic potentiating properties with other conventional drugs. This review articulates the burden of fungal infections and subsequent pathogenic mycotic species, delineating intervention multi-modality traditional herbal remedies and medicines available. With the recommendations and arguments, which include mechanism of actions regarding safety and efficacy, the review outlines the need for the integration of scientific research that aims to further antifungal therapies and public health with traditional herbal medicines shown to have proven efficacy.

Keywords: Fungal infections, Antifungal resistance, Traditional herbal remedies, Phytochemicals, Alternative therapy