A Review On Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) Based Optical SensingA Review On Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) Based Optical Sensing

Abstract

In nanoplasmonics, Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) is a crucial phenomenon that provides great sensitivity for optical sensing applications. It originates from the collective oscillation of light-excited conduction electrons in metallic nanoparticles. Peak position, intensity, and sensitivity to surrounding media are among the LSPR characteristics that are strongly influenced by the form of these nanoparticles. This review concentrates on LSPR-based optical sensors, highlighting the ways in which various nanoparticle shapes, such as stars, cubes, triangles, spheres, rods, and other anisotropic geometries, affect sensing capabilities. We evaluate how form affects detection limits, resonance tunability, and electric field enhancement, as demonstrated by both numerical simulations and experimental data. The impact of shape-induced plasmonic modes on sensing applications specifically, chemical detection and biosensing is examined.