Exploring Barriers to Physical Activities Among Older Adults in Pakistan: Implication for Public Health Practice

Abstract

The aim of this study was to examine the barriers to physical activity and evaluate awareness of its associated health benefits among older adults in Bannu District, Pakistan, with a focus to bring public health interventions in the community. A cross sectional survey was conducted with 300 older adults aged 65 and above using convenience sampling. A 14 item closed ended questionnaire measured time availability, stakeholders’ rates, environmental barriers, health restrictions and knowledge of physical activity benefits. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics. With emerged significant barriers 90% of participants having satisfactory time for engaging in some physical activities. Health conditions limited involvement for 60% of respondents, and 40% reported insufficient community facilities. Lack of cultural norms for physical activities as a major barrier was critically identified for 96%. Knowledge shortage was consider 40% for physical activity essential for health, 30% understood its general health benefits, 20% recognised mental health benefits, and just 4% were aware about its role in cardiovascular disease prevention or anxiety/depression treatment. Likewise 4% had received formal education regarding physical activity. Sociocultural and educational barriers were very large in Pakistani older adults even though having sufficient time. Clear knowledge gaps and absence of supportive cultural norms require targeted public health intervention. Community based educational programs and sufficient arrangement are necessary to promote active aging.

Keywords: Older Adults, Physical, Activities, Barriers, Health Literacy